India is a welfare state committed to the welfare and development of its people in general and vulnerable classes in particular. The constitution provides some measures to help the backward classes to come up to the same level with rest of the country. One of the measures of the governments is providing reservations for the backward classes in educational institutes and government services.
The reservation issue is not new; rather it has its roots in the pre independence period also. Let us take a look at the quota quagmire
- 1831: Madras Presidency gives reservation to backward classes in public service
- 1902: Reservation for backward classes in education in princely state of Kolhapur
- 1918: Miller Committee, 1st committee on BCs in India appointed
- 1931: Reservation for backward classes in education in princely states of Mysore and in Madras
- 1935: Reservation for BCs in princely state of Travancore
- 1950-1968: Punjab, Bihar, Gujarat, MP introduced reservation for OBCs
- 1951: Madras introduces 16% reservation for SC/ST and 25% reservation for OBCs
- 1953: First Backward Classes Commission set up, gives recommendation in 1955
- 1971: DMK government increases OBC reservation to 31% and SC/ST reservation to 18%
- 1980: Report of Second Backward Classes Commission submitted. TN increases OBC reservation to 50%
- 1990: V. P. Singh Government announces implementation of Mandal Commission recommendations and gives 27% reservations to OBCs in government jobs
- 1992: SC order upholds OBC reservation but says reservation cannot exceed 50%. Also says “creamy layer” should be excluded
- 2006: Jan/ The 93rd Constitutional Amendment Act amends article 15 of the constitution to provide quotas to OBCs in all “educational institutes” except minority institutes
- 2006: May/ UPA government announces plan to grant 27% quota to OBCs in centrally funded institutes of higher education by increasing total no. of seats
- 2006: June/ SC says it has the right to scrutinize the constitutionality of the proposed quota
The decision of the government followed widespread protests from the students and the SC put a stay on the quota. But in a recent judgment the SC upheld the quota and the same will be implemented in various IITs, IIMs over a period of three years keeping the seats in general category the same.
But there are some serious questions to be answered. The reservation is supposed to be given in the institutes of higher study. But the basic problem lies in the primary education where the people from backward classes lag behind. Also, providing reservation on the basis of caste puts serious questions on the quality of these institutes. A sincere, hardworking student may lose his seat just because there is a quota and a less deserving student takes away his seat. And that is not fair at all. Merit and not caste should be the basis of the admissions.
Rather, the Government can think on the lines of the Harvard University that boasts no meritorious student is prevented from studying there for the want of money. And after all it is the lack of money that prevents the students of backward classes from taking the necessary coaching to tackle the various exams. It is correct that the government should help the poor and the backward but the medium of help seems to be wrong and partial. It is needed that the authorities should pick up real talent from say class five and train them with all financial support they may need. If they qualify on the basis of merit then who is stopping them??????
But in the present state of affairs it just seems to be a VOTE BANK politics…………